Various agents can be ingested, leading to different health outcomes:
Pathogens: Bacteria (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli), viruses (e.g., Norovirus), and parasites (e.g., Giardia). Chemicals: Pesticides, heavy metals (e.g., lead, mercury), and food additives. Toxins: Mycotoxins (produced by fungi), marine biotoxins, and plant toxins. Pharmaceuticals: Both prescribed and over-the-counter medications.
