What are the Challenges of Using GIS Tools in Epidemiology?

Data Quality: The accuracy of GIS analyses depends on the quality and completeness of the data used. Incomplete or inaccurate data can lead to misleading results.
Technical Expertise: Effective use of GIS tools requires specialized knowledge and skills, which may not be readily available in all epidemiological teams.
Privacy Concerns: The use of spatial data, especially when linked to personal health information, raises privacy and confidentiality issues that must be addressed.
Cost: High-quality GIS software and the necessary hardware can be expensive, potentially limiting access for some organizations or regions.