Using population data in epidemiology comes with several challenges:
1. Data Quality: Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data. 2. Data Completeness: Obtaining comprehensive data that covers all relevant aspects. 3. Ethical Concerns: Protecting the privacy and confidentiality of individuals. 4. Data Integration: Combining data from various sources to get a holistic view. 5. Bias: Addressing selection bias, reporting bias, and other types of bias that can affect the validity of findings.