Despite its benefits, geospatial analysis faces several challenges: 1. Data Quality: Inaccurate or incomplete data can lead to misleading conclusions. 2. Privacy Concerns: Protecting the privacy of individuals while using location data is a significant concern. 3. Complexity: Geospatial analysis requires specialized skills and knowledge, which can be a barrier for some public health professionals. 4. Resource Intensive: It often requires substantial resources in terms of software, hardware, and trained personnel.