mediation analysis

What are the Assumptions in Mediation Analysis?

Several assumptions need to be met for valid mediation analysis:
Causal Inference: The relationships between the exposure, mediator, and outcome must be causal.
No Unmeasured Confounding: There should be no unmeasured confounders that affect the relationships between the exposure, mediator, and outcome.
Correct Model Specification: The statistical model should be correctly specified.
Researchers often use methods like the counterfactual framework to address these assumptions.

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