Methodological advancements have also played a crucial role:
Big data analytics: The integration of big data techniques allows for the analysis of vast datasets, uncovering patterns and trends that were previously undetectable. Machine learning: These algorithms can predict disease outbreaks, identify risk factors, and stratify populations for targeted interventions. Spatial epidemiology: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable the mapping of disease distribution, helping to identify hotspots and spatial patterns.
