To address these challenges, several innovative financing mechanisms have been proposed: 1. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs): Collaborations between the government and private sector to pool resources and expertise. 2. Health Insurance: Expanding health insurance coverage to reduce out-of-pocket expenses and ensure financial protection. 3. International Aid and Grants: Leveraging international funding to support health programs, especially in low-income countries. 4. Sin Taxes: Imposing taxes on products harmful to health, such as tobacco and alcohol, to generate revenue for health initiatives.