Control measures vary depending on the type of pathogen and mode of transmission but generally include: - Isolation and quarantine: Separating infected individuals and those exposed to prevent spread. - Vaccination: Immunizing at-risk populations to confer immunity. - Antimicrobial treatment: Using medications to treat infections. - Public education: Informing the public about prevention practices. - Travel restrictions: Limiting movement to prevent the spread of disease. Effective control often requires a combination of these strategies.