Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) are a measure used in epidemiology and health economics to assess the value of medical interventions. A QALY takes into account both the quantity and the quality of life generated by healthcare interventions. One QALY equates to one year in perfect health. If a person lives for a year in a state of health that is half as good as perfect health, this would be equivalent to 0.5 QALYs.