1. Random Sampling Using random sampling methods can help ensure that every individual in the target population has an equal chance of being selected. This reduces the likelihood of systematic differences between the sample and the population.
2. Stratified Sampling Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups (or strata) and then sampling from each subgroup. This ensures that different segments of the population are adequately represented.
3. Increasing Response Rates Efforts to achieve higher response rates, such as follow-up surveys and incentives, can help mitigate non-response bias. Ensuring that study participants are representative of the population is crucial.
