Several methods can be used to control for confounders:
Randomization: In randomized controlled trials, random assignment of participants to different groups helps ensure that confounders are evenly distributed across the groups. Matching: In observational studies, researchers can match participants on key confounders to ensure that the groups are comparable. Statistical Adjustment: Techniques such as multivariable regression, propensity score matching, and standardization can be used to adjust for confounders in the analysis. Stratification: This involves dividing the data into subgroups based on the confounder and analyzing them separately.
