Several methods can be used to achieve narrowing in epidemiological studies:
Case-Control Studies: These studies compare patients who have a disease (cases) with those who do not (controls) to identify risk factors. Cohort Studies: These involve following a group of people over time to see who develops a disease and what factors may be responsible. Surveillance: Continuous monitoring of disease incidence and prevalence to detect and analyze outbreaks. Molecular Epidemiology: Uses genetic and molecular data to identify specific strains of pathogens and understand their spread.
