Incidence and Prevalence: These measures help determine the number of new and existing cases of a disease in a population over a specific period. Mortality Rates: These rates provide insights into the number of deaths caused by a particular disease. Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs): This metric combines both the quality and the quantity of life lived, used to assess the value of medical interventions. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: This analysis compares the relative costs and outcomes of different interventions to determine the most efficient use of resources.