In epidemiology, centrifuges are essential for the preparation and analysis of biological samples. They are commonly used for: - Blood Sample Analysis: To separate plasma from blood cells, allowing for the detection of pathogens or biomarkers. - Urine and Stool Sample Processing: To isolate microorganisms or chemical compounds for further study. - Cell Culture: To concentrate cells or separate cellular components, aiding in the study of cellular responses to various conditions.