Transduction occurs in two main forms: generalized transduction and specialized transduction. In generalized transduction, a bacteriophage accidentally incorporates fragments of the host bacterium's DNA during the assembly of new viral particles. When these new phages infect another bacterium, they introduce the acquired DNA into the new host's genome. In specialized transduction, the process is more specific, involving the transfer of particular segments of bacterial DNA that are adjacent to the phage's own genetic material.
