The IDSP operates through a decentralized system that includes a network of reporting units at the district, state, and national levels. The programme focuses on the surveillance of specific diseases that are categorized into different priority levels:
Priority Diseases: These include cholera, dengue, malaria, and tuberculosis, among others. Outbreak-Prone Diseases: These involve diseases that have the potential to cause large-scale outbreaks, such as influenza and measles. Other Diseases: These include any unusual health events of public health significance.
