structural equation modeling (sem)

How Does SEM Work?

SEM uses a combination of path diagrams and statistical equations to represent and test relationships. The process generally includes:

1. Model Specification: Defining the hypothesized relationships among variables using path diagrams and equations.

2. Model Identification: Ensuring that the model is statistically identifiable, meaning there are enough data points to estimate the parameters.

3. Model Estimation: Using statistical software to estimate the parameters (e.g., regression coefficients, variances) of the model.

4. Model Evaluation: Assessing the fit of the model using various fit indices like the Chi-square test, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA.

5. Model Modification: Refining the model based on the evaluation results and theoretical considerations.