Diet impacts disease risk through various mechanisms: - Nutrient Deficiency: Lack of essential nutrients can lead to diseases like scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) or rickets (vitamin D deficiency). - Excessive Caloric Intake: Leads to obesity, which is a risk factor for multiple conditions including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. - Diet Quality: Diets high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats can increase inflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to disease development.
