Targeted treatments function by interfering with specific molecules involved in the growth, progression, or spread of a disease. These molecules are often identified through detailed epidemiological studies and genetic analyses. For instance, in cancer treatment, targeted therapies may block the action of specific enzymes, growth factor receptors, or signal transduction pathways that are overactive in cancer cells. This approach not only halts disease progression but also spares normal cells, reducing the risk of adverse effects.
