Systemic issues in healthcare systems can have a profound impact on epidemiology. For example, health disparities and social determinants of health can skew epidemiological data. Populations with limited access to healthcare may be underrepresented in studies, leading to biased results.
Another systemic issue is the fragmentation of healthcare services. In many countries, healthcare services are divided among multiple providers with little coordination. This makes it difficult to track and manage diseases effectively. Integrated healthcare systems are crucial for efficient disease monitoring and response.
