Microbes can spread through various routes, including direct contact, airborne transmission, vector-borne transmission, and contaminated food or water. Direct contact involves person-to-person transmission, such as shaking hands or kissing. Airborne transmission occurs when microbes travel through the air, often via respiratory droplets. Vector-borne transmission involves animals, like mosquitoes or ticks, that carry and transmit microbes. Lastly, food and water can become contaminated with harmful microbes, leading to foodborne illnesses and waterborne diseases.
