Hormonal factors can affect disease risk through several mechanisms:
Carcinogenesis: Hormones such as estrogen and progesterone have been linked to the development of breast and ovarian cancers. Prolonged exposure to high levels of these hormones can lead to abnormal cell growth. Metabolic Regulation: Insulin and glucagon are pivotal in glucose metabolism. Insulin resistance, a hormonal factor, is a key contributor to the development of type 2 diabetes. Cardiovascular Health: Hormones like estrogen have protective effects on the cardiovascular system, while others like cortisol can increase the risk of hypertension and heart disease.
