Mortality rates are often calculated as the number of deaths per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals per year. These can be further categorized into crude mortality rate, age-specific mortality rate, and cause-specific mortality rate. The crude mortality rate is the total number of deaths in a population, while age-specific rates focus on deaths within specific age groups. Cause-specific mortality rates determine deaths due to specific diseases, providing insight into the deadliest health threats.