The identification of molecular targets involves several steps: 1. Genomic Studies: Techniques like whole-genome sequencing help in identifying genetic variations associated with diseases. 2. Proteomics: The study of the full set of proteins (proteome) expressed by a genome, cell, tissue, or organism at a certain time. 3. Bioinformatics: Computational tools are used to analyze large datasets obtained from genomic and proteomic studies to identify potential targets. 4. Functional Studies: Laboratory experiments to understand the role of identified molecules in disease processes.