Measures of association quantify the relationship between exposure and disease. Key measures include:
1. Relative Risk (RR): Used in cohort studies, RR compares the risk of disease in the exposed group to the risk in the non-exposed group. 2. Odds Ratio (OR): Commonly used in case-control studies, OR compares the odds of exposure in cases to the odds in controls. 3. Attributable Risk (AR): This measures the difference in disease incidence between the exposed and non-exposed groups, indicating the excess risk due to exposure.
