Identifying causative agents involves a combination of epidemiological studies, laboratory investigations, and clinical observations. Key methods include:
Descriptive studies: These studies collect data on the occurrence of disease in different populations and settings to identify patterns and trends. Analytical studies: These studies, such as case-control and cohort studies, are designed to test hypotheses about the relationship between exposure and disease. Laboratory methods: Techniques like culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and serology are used to detect and characterize biological agents.
