Emerging pathogens can spread through various transmission modes:
1. Direct Contact: Physical contact with an infected individual or animal. 2. Airborne Transmission: Inhalation of respiratory droplets containing the pathogen. 3. Vector-Borne: Transmission through vectors like mosquitoes, ticks, or fleas. 4. Food and Water: Consumption of contaminated food or water. 5. Fomites: Contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.
